孫氏太極拳參考資料: 王宗岳太極拳論/Sun Shi Taijiquan Can Kao Zi Liao: Wang Zongyue Taijiquan Lun – Sun Style Taijiquan Reference Material: Wang Zongyue’s Taijiquan Theory

太極者，無極而生；動靜之機，陰陽之母也，動之則分，靜之則合。無過不及，隨曲就伸。人剛我柔謂之走，我順人背謂之黏。動急則急應，動緩則緩隨。雖變化萬端，而理惟一貫。由著熟而漸悟懂勁，由懂勁而階及神明。然非用功之久，不能豁然貫通焉。虛靈頂勁，氣沉丹田。不偏不倚，忽隱忽現。左重則左虛，右重則右杳。仰之則彌高，俯之則彌深。進之則愈長，退之則愈促。一羽不能加，蠅虫不能落。人不知我，我獨知人。英雄所向無敵，蓋皆由此而及也。斯技旁門甚多，雖勢有區別，概不外乎壯欺弱，慢讓快耳。有力打無力，手慢讓手快，是皆先天自然之能，非關學力而有所為也。察四兩撥千斤之句，顯非力勝。視耄耋能禦眾之形，快何能為？立如平準，活似車輪。偏沉則隨，雙重則滯。每見數年純功不能運化者，皆自為人制，卒不能制人，則雙重之病未悟耳。欲避此病，須知陰陽。黏即是走，走即是黏。陽不離陰，陰不離陽，陰陽相濟，方為懂勁。懂勁後，愈練愈精，默識揣摩，漸至從心所欲。本是舍己從人、多誤捨近求遠。所謂差之毫釐，謬之千里，學者不可不詳辨焉。

Taiji is given birth by Wuji; it is the Pivot of Movement & Stillness, as well as the Mother of Yin & Yang; in Movement it divides, in Stillness it combines. Not over-long & not falling short, straightening immediately follows bending. When he is hard & I am soft it is called Yielding, when I follow his back it is called Adhering. Moving quickly gets a quick response, moving slowly then follow slowly. Although there are ten thousand kinds of variations, the principle is a single thread. Once you become skilled you will gradually become aware of & comprehend Jin. It is by comprehending Jin & proceeding step by step that you reach spiritual enlightenment. Thus, without diligently studying it over a long period of time you won’t be able to understand how. The Jin at the crown of the head is empty & alert, the Qi sinks to the Dantian. Without sagging to the side & without leaning, suddenly hidden & suddenly appearing. If he pressures my left then my left is empty, & if he pressures my right side then my right disappears. Looking up, it’s ever taller, looking down it’s ever lower. When Advancing, it’s ever longer, when Retreating, it’s ever more urgent. A feather cannot be added, a fly cannot land. Other people don’t know me, but I alone know other people. Heroes are unrivaled, in all cases if you build from this & you will surely reach it. There are many other schools beside this skill, & although their patterns have distinctions, in general they are nothing but the strong taking advantage of the weak, or the slow yielding to the fast, nothing more. The powerful beating the powerless, the hand that is slow yields to the hand that is fast, are in all cases of inborn natural ability, & are not related to Learned Power. Examine the phrase “Four Taels brushes aside a Thousand Jin,” & it is conspicuously not a victory of strength. Look at the sight of a grey & venerable man resisting a crowd, how is it a matter of speed? Stand like a level scale, move like a wheel, if you lean & sink then you cans follow, if Double Pressured than sluggish. We have all seen practioners with many years pure skill that are unable to apply transformations. In every case where they are controlled by others, & unable to control others, their not understanding Double Pressuring is the problem, that is all. If you wish to avoid this problem, then Yin & Yang must be borne in mind. Adhering is Yielding, Yielding is Adhering. Yang doesn’t leave Yin, Yin doesn’t leave Yang. Yin & Yang mutually aid is the formula to understand Jin. Once you have understood Jin, more practice leads to more perfected knowledge. Try to figure it out from memory, until gradually you will arrive at “doing as one pleases.” The foundation is discarding the self & following others. People often make the mistake of giving up what is near to seek what is distant. The Scholars do not understand how this works in detail, so-called Hai-Li Mistake, missing by One Thousand Li.

長拳者，如長江大海滔滔不絕也。十三勢者：掤、捋、擠、按、採、挒、肘、靠，此八卦也；進步、退步、左顧、右盼、中定，此五行也。合而言之：十三勢。掤、捋、擠、按即坎、離、震、兌，四方也；採、挒、肘、靠即乾、艮、巽、坤，四斜角也；進、退、顧、盼、定，即金、木、水、火、土也。

Long Boxing is like the Long River flowing endlessly toward the great sea. The Thirteen Patterns are: Peng/Warding, Lu/Brushing, Ji/Squeezing, An/Depressing, Cai/Plucking, Lie/Rending, Zhou/Bending, Kao/Leaning, these are the Eight Signs; Advance Step, Retreat Step, Look Left, Expect Right, Central Stability, these are the Five Phases. When combined, these are called the Thirteen Patterns. Peng, Lu, Ji, & An are the Four Sides, Kan, Li, Zhen, & Dui; Cai, Lie, Zhou, & Kao are the Four Corners, Qian, Gen, Xun, Kun; Advance, Retreat, Looking, Expecting, & Stable are Metal, Wood, Water, Fire, & Earth.